The main differences between COBIT, ISO 27001, and NIST are as follows:

Focus and Core Area:

• COBIT: Focuses on IT governance and management, providing a comprehensive framework for the effective control and management of IT processes.
• ISO 27001: Focuses on information security management, providing a systematic approach to managing information security risks and implementing an Information Security Management System (ISMS).
• NIST: Focuses on enhancing the security and resilience of information systems, providing guidance and standards for managing cybersecurity risks.

Source and Application:

• COBIT: Developed by ISACA and widely used in large enterprises to ensure effective governance and management of IT.
• ISO 27001: Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and widely used across various sectors and sizes to implement and manage an Information Security Management System.
• NIST: Developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and primarily used in the United States as a framework for enhancing the security and resilience of information systems. However, it has gained widespread acceptance and international implementation as well.

Geographic Orientation:

• COBIT and ISO 27001: These are international frameworks and are globally recognized. They can be used in any country or industry.
• NIST: It is primarily an American framework and used mainly in the United States. However, it has also gained broad acceptance and international application.

Scope and Detail:

• COBIT: Provides a comprehensive framework for IT governance and management, encompassing a wide range of processes, controls, and guidelines.
• ISO 27001: Primarily focuses on information security management and provides a set of effective security requirements and controls.
• NIST: Offers a comprehensive set of guidelines and standards for improving the security and resilience of information systems, including a catalog of recommended security controls.

In summary, COBIT focuses on IT governance and management, ISO 27001 focuses on information security management, and NIST focuses on enhancing the security and resilience of information systems.